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A functional organisation structure can lead to a 'xxxx' effect whereby employees do not communi-cate effectively horizontally across the structure with each other. Choose one to replace 'xxxx'.
It's a 'silo effect'. Essentially this is about 'walls' being unintentionally created between functions of the organisation. Silos in the original sense are used for storing grain (tall thin buildings, common in the American mid-West); more recently for storing military missiles.
In the organisation this lack of ease in communicating can dent the performance of the organisation.
The other answers offered are irrelevant with Oreo being a type of 'much loved' American biscuit.
So anyway, 'silo'.
Taiichi Ohno came up with the notion of the 'wastes'. How many wastes?
Seven.
Overproduction, inventory, excessive processing, waiting, transportation, motion, defects.
According to CIPS, procurement and supply management for CIPS members is a(n) (choose best fit):
CIPS regards procurement as a profession, and encourages members to describe it in that way.
Procurement should be regarded as a profession in the same way that lawyers and accountants are regarded as professionals.
'All procurement requirements valued at more than $100,000 must be competitively tendered, and any contracts arising therefrom must be signed by the Procurement Director'. This is an example of a:
This is an example of a procurement threshold.
Below the threshold, one set of actions; above the threshold, another set of actions.
As an aside, one relatively common and undesirable practice is to 'disaggregate' a requirement - break a requirement down into smaller units, to avoid having to conform with the rule. Such behav-iour, can be, in some situations, be unlawful, and can bring an organisation and possibly the individ-uals concerned into disrepute.
I hope you can see why it is none of the other answer options available.
'Processes can be improved simply by organising the work in a way that means people have to move around less'. Which 'waste' is being described here?
Motion.
The science of ergonomics can help with this.
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