CWNP CWNA-109 Dumps - Pass Certified Wireless Network Administrator Exam in 2026

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Wireless bridging is a WLAN technology role that allows two or more networks to be connected wirelessly over a distance. A wireless bridge consists of two or more APs that are configured to operate in bridge mode and use directional antennas to establish a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link. Wireless bridging can support high data rates and is suitable for scenarios where running cables is impractical or expensive.To create a wireless link between two buildings on a single campus that supports at least 150 Mbps data rates, wireless bridging is an appropriate solution678.Reference:CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 271;CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 265;Wi-Fi Wireless Bridging Explained.

The HT (802.11n) physical layer (PHY) specification includes support for and compatibility with both ERP and HR/DSSS. ERP stands for Extended Rate PHY, which is an extension of the original DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) PHY that supports data rates up to 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. HR/DSSS stands for High Rate/Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, which is another extension of DSSS that supports data rates up to 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. HT stands for High Throughput, which is a new PHY that supports data rates up to 600 Mbps in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. HT uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) as its modulation scheme, but it also supports legacy DSSS and ERP devices by using a dual preamble and header structure that allows backward compatibility.Reference:, Chapter 3, page 103; , Section 3.1

The device in the bridge implementation that acts as the 802.1X Authenticator is theroot bridge. The root bridge is the bridge that connects to the wired network and acts as the central point for all other bridges in the point-to-multipoint topology. The root bridge authenticates the non-root bridges using 802.1X/EAP and forwards their authentication requests to the RADIUS server. The non-root bridges act as the 802.1X Supplicants and use EAP methods such as EAP-TLS or EAP-PEAP to authenticate with the root bridge.Reference:[CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-109], page 459; [Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridges FAQ], question 29.

An isotropic radiator is a theoretical point source of electromagnetic radiation that radiates equally in all directions. It has no physical dimensions and no preferred direction of radiation.It is used as a reference for antenna gain because it represents the ideal case of a perfect omnidirectional antenna12

Antenna gain is a measure of how well an antenna concentrates its radiated power in a certain direction. It is expressed in decibels (dB) relative to a reference antenn

a.When the reference antenna is an isotropic radiator, the antenna gain is denoted by dBi, which stands for decibels relative to isotropic12

For example, an antenna with a gain of 3 dBi means that it radiates 3 dB more power in its main direction than an isotropic radiator would.Conversely, an antenna with a gain of -3 dBi means that it radiates 3 dB less power in its main direction than an isotropic radiator would12

The data rate of a signal is the speed that the data bits in individual 802.11 data frames are sent, but it does not account for the actual amount of data that can be transmitted over time. The throughput of a connection is the flow of information over time, which is affected by various factors such as data encoding, modulation, encryption, airtime utilization, noise levels, interference, etc. Therefore, the throughput is always lower than the data rate.According to one of the web search results1, the actual throughput is normally 60-70 percent of the supported data rates. So, for a connection with a data rate of 150 Mbps, the expected throughput would be around 90-105 Mbps.